Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security mechanism that requires users to provide two or more forms of identification in order to access a system or account. MFA is designed to add an extra layer of security to protect against unauthorized access, particularly in cases where a password or single factor authentication may not be enough to keep an account secure.
MFA typically involves a combination of something the user knows (such as a password), something the user has (such as a smart card or token), or something the user is (such as a biometric factor like a fingerprint or facial recognition). In most cases, MFA requires the user to provide at least two different factors to authenticate.
MFA can be used in a variety of contexts, including online banking, email accounts, and enterprise networks. It is considered to be an effective way to prevent unauthorized access, reduce the risk of data breaches, and protect sensitive information.